NGOs and the Standardization of International Contracts: A Comparative Study of the CISG, AfCFTA, and Global Trade Frameworks

This research investigates the push toward standardisation in international contracts, examining the roles of the CISG, AfCFTA, and other emerging trade frameworks. It explores how these international agreements, alongside the efforts of non-governmental organisations, attempt to harmonise contract standards to improve enforceability, dispute resolution, and trust in cross-border transactions.

Award

MRes | MPhil | PhD | MSc by Research

Start Date

Usually February and October - at individual School's discretion

Research Opportunities

Summary

Standardisation in international contracts is essential for reducing trade barriers and establishing clear expectations in global trade. This study provides a comparative analysis of how the CISG, AfCFTA protocols, and influential international NGOs (e.g., the International Chamber of Commerce) work to address contract standards and promote equitable trade practices. Special attention is given to NGOs' roles in influencing policy, advocating for fair trade, and supporting the implementation of international agreements, particularly in regions with emerging markets.

The research highlights key differences in the approach to enforceability, implied terms, and contract interpretation across jurisdictions and the influence NGOs have on these areas. It aims to identify strengths and limitations in current frameworks and provide insights into how global standards can evolve to enhance legal certainty and support sustainable trade.